Substance P is a bioactive 11-amino acid peptide (Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gln-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met-amide) first isolated in 1931 from brain and intestine. The peptide is involved in many physiological processes including pain modulation, smooth muscle contraction, blood pressure control, kidney function and water...

While testosterone is the primary androgenic male steroid found in mammals, 11-keto testosterone (11-KT) is a second key androgenic steroid found in fish. It occurs in males together with testosterone in amounts which vary from less than 1 ng/ml to as much as 50-100 ng/ml, depending on the species and the stage of...

Prion Protein (PrP) and namely its abnormal isoform, partially reistant to proteinase K (PrPres), is the only specific molecular marker of the Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) such as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathie (BSE) or its human form, the New Variant of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease. [Bertin...