PAF C-16 is a naturally occurring phospholipid produced upon stimulation through two distinct pathways known as the "remodeling" and 'de novo' pathways. It is a potent mediator of neutrophil migration, and the production of reactive oxygen species, and IL-6 in human macrophages. It is a more potent mediator of...

Hexadecanedioic acid is a dicarboxylic fatty acid that has been found in the suberin component of silver birch (B. pendula) outer bark and soil. It stimulates mitochondrial respiration and decreases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by rotenone (Cay-13995) in isolated rat liver mitochondria...

Isosinensetin is a polymethoxylated flavone that has been found in C. reticulata and has anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. It inhibits P-glycoprotein (P-gp, IC50 = 4.2 µM) and increases the cytotoxicity of paraquat in MDR1-MDCKII cells and paclitaxel (Cay-10461) in MX-1 breast and paclitaxel-resistant...

Garcinone D is a xanthone that has been found in G. mangostana and has diverse biological activities. It increases proliferation of C17.2 neural progenitor cells (NPCs) when used at a concentration of 5 µM, an effect that can be reduced by inhibition of the antioxidative transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid...

Diphemanil is a quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent. It induces relaxation of isolated guinea pig trachea strips precontracted with methacholine (EC50 = 0.12 nM). Diphemanil reverses increases in lung resistance and decreases in dynamic lung compliance induced by the non-selective acetylcholine receptor...