L-(+)-Cystathionine is a dipeptide formed by serine and homocysteine. Transsulfuration of methionine yields homocysteine, which combines with serine to form this precursor of cysteine. L-(+)-Cystathionine is largely expressed in the mammalian brain and deficiency can indicate the presence of metabolic disorders such...

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are secreted signaling proteins, many of which are involved in various developmental processes, in addition to bone formation. GDF11 is a circulating growth and differentiation factor that has age-dependent effects on development. Notably, injection of recombinant GDF11 into old...

gamma-Secretase is a multi-subunit aspartyl protease that regulates signaling pathways by proteolytically cleaving substrates, abrogating or releasing signaling molecules. One well-known substrate of this enzyme is Notch, a transmembrane receptor that plays a key role in cell fate decisions including cell...

Roseoflavin is an analog of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and riboflavin that is synthesized by the soil bacterium S. davawensis and possesses antimicrobial activity. It has been shown to bind directly to FMN riboswitch aptamers (KD = ~100 nM), downregulating the expression of genes responsible for the synthesis and...

GPR119, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptor, is a Gs protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in pancreas beta-cells and intestinal L-cells. Activation of GPR119 by the endogenous ligands lyso-phosphatidylcholine and oleoyl ethanolamide increases intracellular cAMP levels and promotes glucose-stimulated...