Fumonisin B2 (FB2) is a mycotoxin that has been found in F. moniliforme. It is cytotoxic against a panel of seven rat hepatoma cell lines (IC50s = 3-50 µg/ml), as well as MDCK cells (IC50 = 2 µg/ml). FB2 (125-1,000 µM) is also cytotoxic to primary rat hepatocytes and induces hepatocyte nodule formation, a marker of...

The cytochalasins are cell-permeable fungal metabolites which inhibit actin polymerization. This interferes with such diverse processes as cell movement, growth, phagocytosis, degranulation, and secretion. Cytochalasin A is an oxidized analog of cytochalasin B that uniquely inhibits HIV-1 protease (IC50 = 3 µM)....

PPM-18 is a naphthoquinone compound that inhibits NF-kappaB activation in vitro and in vivo (IC50 = 5 µM). Through this action, it inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide and suppresses inflammation and sepsis.Formal Name:...