Epoxomicin is a potent anti-tumor agent isolated from Actinomycetes that is used as a selective and irreversible inhibitor of the 20S proteasome. It inhibits proteasome activity in cell growth assays with an IC50 value of 4 nM and demonstrates potent cytotoxicity against B16-F10, HCT116, and Moser solid tumor cells,...

Molecules having vitamin E antioxidant activity include four tocopherols (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) and four tocotrienols (alpha, beta, gamma, delta). One form, alpha-tocopherol has the highest biological activity based on fetal resorption assays. delta-CEHC is a major beta-oxidation metabolite of delta-tocopherol....

L-Biopterin is the oxidized form of tetrahydro-L-biopterin (BH4), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cofactor. L-Biopterin can be reduced to BH4 via thioredoxin reductase followed by dihydropteridine reductase or reduced glutathione. It is extremely toxic to human melanocytes in culture (IC50 = 0.2 µM after 48 hrs)....

Sphingosine is an amino alcohol most commonly characterized by an 18-carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon chain sphingosine (d18:1) (Cay-10007907). However, the hydrocarbon chain length of sphingosine, and the related dihydrosphingosine, can vary from 12-26 carbons in mammalian tissues. Sphingosine (d17:1) is a...

Arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA) is an endogenous lipid neurotransmitter with cannabinergic activity, binding both the central cannabinoid (CB1) and peripheral cannabinoid (CB2) receptors. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis and inactivation of AEA. Metabolism of AEA by...