Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide (gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycine) widely distributed in both plants and animals. GSH serves as a nucleophilic co-substrate to glutathione transferases in the detoxification of xenobiotics and is an essential electron donor to glutathione peroxidases in the reduction of...

Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) is the parent cysteinyl-leukotriene produced by the LTC4 synthase-catalyzed conjugation of glutathione to LTA4. LTC4 is produced by neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells, and by transcellular metabolism in platelets. It is one of the constituents of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis...

E-64c is an active metabolite of the protease inhibitor E-64d (Cay-13533). E-64c inhibits the cysteine proteases cathepsin B, cathepsin H, and papain but not the serine proteases trypsin, chymotrypsin, or elastase. It reduces the autocatalytic activity of the foot-and-mouth-disease virus (FMDV) leader protease when...

19-HETE is one of the major cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolites of arachidonic acid that is released from the kidney in response to angiotensin II. When formed by the CYP2E1 isoform, 19-HETE is composed of 70% and 30% of the (S) and (R) stereoisomers, respectively. Both 19(S)- and 19(R)-HETE are potent vasodilators...

Leukotriene E4 (LTE4) is produced by the action of a dipeptidase on LTD4 leaving only the cysteinyl group still attached to the fatty acid backbone. It is one of the constituents of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A). LTE4 is considerably less active (8 to 12-fold) than LTC4 in the biological activities...