GPR40 is a seven transmembrane G Protein-coupled receptor with signalling mediated by medium- and long-chain fatty acids. Found predominantly in the beta-cells of pancreatic islets, it has been implicated in the regulation of insulin secretion. Overexpression of GPR40 in mouse beta cells leads to glucose intolerance...

12(S)-HETE is a product of arachidonic acid metabolism through the 12-lipoxygenase pathway. It is primarily found in platelets, leukocytes, and to a lesser extent in smooth muscle cells. It enhances tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells, fibronectin, and the subendothelial matrix. tetranor-12(S)-HETE is the major...

Mono-unsaturated fatty acids are components of the cellular membranes of autotrophic bacteria. The specific composition and abundance of membrane fatty acids can be used to identify specific genera of bacterial populations in natural environments (e.g., mining lakes, etc.). Mono-unsaturated fatty acids are...