The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family in mammal comprises a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and IL-1 receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like its counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules (1). The TLR...

TLR11 is principally expressed in macrophages and liver, and epithelial cells of the kidney and bladder. Mouse TLR11 is reported to recognise uropathogenic bacteria, and to activate appropriate host defense genes as part of the innate immune response to microbial infection. Applications: Suitable for use in Western...