Okadaic acid is a marine sponge toxin which potently inhibits certain serine/threonine protein phosphatases. This cell permeable inhibitor targets the multiple isoforms of PP1 (IC50 = 10-50 nM), both isoforms of PP2A (IC50 = 0.5 nM) and PP3 (IC50 = 4 nM). It is a very weak inhibitor of PP2B (IC50 > 2 µM) and does...

Gram negative bacteria utilize N-acylated homoserine lactones to coordinate expression of virulence in response to the density of the surrounding bacterial population in a process termed quorum sensing. By interfering with this communication and thereby disrupting virulence expression, quorum sensing inhibitors are...

NH125 is an imidazole that has potent antibacterial properties in drug-resistant bacteria. In bacteria, NH125 inhibits several histidine kinases, inhibiting YycG with an IC50 of 6.6 µM. NH125 also decreases the viability of several cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.7-4.7 µM. In mammalian cells, NH125...

MRS2179 is a competitive purinergic P2Y1 receptor antagonist (Kb = 102 nM). It is selective for P2Y1 over P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y12, and P2Y13, as well as P2X1-4, receptors at 10 µM. MRS2179 reduces phospholipase C (PLC) activity induced by the P2Y receptor agonist 2-methylthioadenosine diphosphate (2-MeSADP,...

NOD1 is a member of the NACHT and leucine-rich repeat domain-containing proteins (NLR) family of innate immunity proteins. It recognizes distinct molecular patterns from bacterial ligands and activates NF-kappaB, stress kinases, and interferon response factors important for host defense and inflammation. Hereditary...