Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha (ER, ER alpha, Era, ESR, ESR, ESR1, ESRA, Estradiol Receptor, Estrogen

ERa (Estrogen receptor alpha, also Estradiol receptor and NR3A1) is a 65-70kD member of the NR3 subfamily, nuclear hormone receptor family of proteins. It is widely expressed, and serves as a strong activator of estrogen-responsive genes. ERa is normally quiescent and bound to heat-shock proteins and immunophilins. Following b-estradiol binding, it becomes activated, either homodimerizes or heterodimerizes with ERb, and binds to DNA with multiple coactivators. Human ERa is 595aa in length. It contains a DNA binding region (aa185-250), three NLSs (aa256-260, 266-271, 299-303), a steroid-binding site (aa351-543), a dimerization motif (aa497-518), and an O-GlcNAc attachment around Thr575. Major phosphorylation sites exist at aa537, aa167 and aa118. Multiple splice forms exist. There is an 80kD isoform that shows a substitution (duplication) of aa412-517 for aa411, a second isoform with a deletion of aa255-366, a third isoform with a deletion of aa152-412, and a fourth isoform that shows a Thr substitution for aa152-595. Human ERa is only 46aa identical to human ERb. Over aa1-116, human ERa shares 85aa identity with mouse ERa. Applications: Suitable for use in Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Immunohistochemistry: 8-25ug/ml, Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.